How should the petroleum and petrochemical industry "cycle"?
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On the Mid-Autumn Festival, people have “denounced†several mooncake packages to “slim�
In life, how is the increasing amount of waste recycled?
After the Olympic Games are over, will the sky in Beijing ever be "blue"?
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These details and feelings come from the circular economy. Fortunately, from January 1, 2009, China's development of circular economy will have authoritative legal means as a guarantee and guidance. On August 29th, the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Circular Economy", which lasted three years and passed the third review, was finally passed at the Fourth Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress Standing Committee.
What is the significance of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law"? What is the impact on the petrochemical industry? How to deal with petroleum and petrochemical enterprises? Let us listen to what Dr. Liu Hui, executive director of the Law Society of Environmental Law of the China Law Society, Deputy Secretary General Chang Jiwen, and Legal Affairs Department of China National Petroleum Corporation.
From time to time Reporters: Chang, Dr. Liu, you are good! The contradiction between China's economy and resources and environment is becoming more and more acute. What significance is there for enacting the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" at this moment?
Chang Jiwen: The fundamental way to solve the contradiction between the economy and the resources and the environment is to change the original economic growth model with high energy consumption and emission, vigorously develop a recycling economy, and achieve sustainable development. The "Circular Economy Promotion Law" is not a specific method for dealing with headaches and feet, but it is a law that promotes the adjustment of the economic structure and changes in the economic growth model. It is of great significance and its introduction reflects the determination of the Chinese government. And confidence. I believe that this will be a revolutionary economic change that integrates green production, management, and consumption patterns.
At present, developed countries and regions such as the United States, Japan, and the European Union are all paying more attention to the prevention and treatment of environmental problems and are actively building recycling-type life and production methods. The promulgation of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" shows that China is working hard in the aspect of circular economy laws and regulations. International convergence.
Liu Hui: China is a country with a low per-capita share of resources. At the same time as the rapid economic development, excessive exploitation and abuse of resources have caused the destruction and waste of resources. The discharge of large quantities of industrial pollutants has caused serious pollution of land, rivers, coastal areas, and the atmosphere. This in turn has aggravated the contradiction of resource shortage and constrained the sustainable development of China's economy. At present, most enterprises are not fully aware of energy conservation and emission reduction, and have some negative feelings about energy conservation and environmental protection investment. One of the reasons is that they have not incorporated energy conservation and environmental protection into the economic development chain.
Therefore, the current issuance of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" is a situation that is needed. Adopting legislation to adjust and standardize the behavior of all parties is undoubtedly the fundamental solution to the contradiction between economic development and resource environment. Changing the mode of economic growth and promoting it into a virtuous cycle is the significance of China's promulgation of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law."
Reporter: Compared with China's previously enacted economic and environmental laws, what are the highlights of the Circular Economy Promotion Law?
Chang Jiwen: The "Circular Economy Promotion Law" not only grasps the essence of China's resources and environmental issues, but also creates comprehensive systems and mechanisms that are consistent with economic, social and environmental protection laws. In my opinion, the highlights are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
First, the combination of speciality and comprehensiveness. Specialism means that "incentive measures" set up special funds, scientific and technological research, taxation, investment plans, loans and other rewards and punishments; comprehensiveness refers to the combination of various market mechanisms and various administrative control measures. The legalization of comprehensive measures symbolizes China's resource conservation and environmental protection work to truly enter the main battlefield of economic and social development.
Second, it effectively unified the responsibilities of the three levels: point, line, and surface. The point of responsibility refers to the responsibility of enterprises and individuals; the online responsibility is the responsibility of various industries; the face of responsibility refers to the responsibilities of governments at all levels to the administrative region, and in particular highlights the responsibility of the government. The “Circular Economy Promotion Law†stipulates the responsibilities of the government in multiple places, and clarifies the circular economy evaluation and appraisal system of higher-level governments for lower-level governments, which imposes strict law enforcement pressure on local governments at all levels.
Third, take into consideration the economic growth, the efficiency of resource utilization, and the protection and improvement of the environment. The circular economy model does not simply mean the recovery and reuse of resources. From a deep perspective, it emphasizes not only satisfying people's consumption needs, but also controlling resource consumption while meeting the growing demand for ecological and living environments.
The last is the combination of general and important. The law not only stipulates policies, objectives, principles, and management systems that have universally applicable meaning, but also focuses on the design and packaging of products, saving water, saving fuel, saving mineral resources, saving construction materials, saving the land, and saving the government. The principle requires that the establishment of the rule of law for the recycling economy covers the major aspects and major aspects of the development of circular economy.
Liu Hui: At present, China has issued and implemented specific laws in the areas of resource and environment, such as the "Mineral Resources Law," "Energy Conservation Law," "Renewable Energy Law," "Environmental Protection Law," and "Cleaner Production Promotion Law," for rational development and utilization. Resources, saving energy, and protecting the environment have played an important role. In contrast, I think that the biggest highlight of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" is that it stands at a higher level, starting from a closed-cycle model of production, circulation, and consumption, and uniting resource conservation, environmental protection, and economic benefits. Established the idea of ​​reducing, reusing and recycling as the main line, and the idea of ​​innovative circular economy, which aims to reduce the consumption of resources and the priority of waste generation, is in line with international practice, but also with China’s national conditions and the current economy. The development stage is consistent, but also has a certain forward-looking, guide people from the economic point of view to re-examine the issue of energy saving and environmental protection and emission reduction, not only effectively with the current resources and environmental legislation, but also leave room for the development of circular economy law.
Affecting petrochemical reporter: "Circular Economy Promotion Law" covers a wide range, specifically related to the petroleum and petrochemical industry?
Chang Jiwen: The general provisions of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law", such as the adjustment of industrial structure, the total use of water and land resources, and the control of total discharge of pollutants, are applicable to the petroleum and petrochemical industries. The law also specifies specific requirements for the petroleum and petrochemical industries. For example, Article 16 stipulates: “The state implements energy consumption for key enterprises such as petroleum processing and chemical industries that have annual comprehensive energy consumption and water consumption exceeding the national regulations. And Article 21 of the Regulations stipulate: "The state encourages and supports enterprises to use highly efficient fuel-saving products.... Enterprises such as petroleum processing and chemicals must use clean coal, within the limits and deadlines set by the state. Clean fuels such as petroleum coke and natural gas will replace fuel oil and stop using fuel oil generator sets and oil-fired boilers that do not comply with national regulations."
Liu Hui: Yes, while the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" is generally stipulated, special provisions have been designed specifically for key industries such as petroleum and petrochemical industries. In fact, apart from basic management systems and specialized systems, other related systems are equally important. For example, Article 18 implements national industrial policies, Article 19 starts from the source, promotes ecological design, Article 22 rationally develops and utilizes and protects mineral resources, and Articles 32 and 34 actively develop new and renewable energy sources. It is closely related to such resources and energy companies as petroleum and petrochemicals.
Reporter: The petroleum and petrochemical industry is not only a pillar industry closely related to national economy and people's livelihood, but also an industry with large energy consumption and high emissions. What impact will the promulgation of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" bring to the petroleum and petrochemical industry?
Chang Jiwen: The relevant provisions of the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" have a certain influence on the petroleum and petrochemical industries. For example, the total control system for atmospheric and water pollutants is implemented by multisectoral division of labor and will force the petroleum and petrochemical industry to increase equipment and processes. Renewal efforts to strengthen pollution control efforts, increase the recovery of oil and gas resources and other resources. All of these require the support of capital and technology. The implementation of the circular economy strategy will inevitably increase the cost of production inputs and pose challenges to some petrochemical enterprises that adhere to the traditional development model.
Liu Hui: The petroleum and petrochemical industry covers mid-stream and downstream operations such as oil and gas exploration and development, refining and chemical industry, storage, transportation, sales, and trading. The dependence of petroleum and petrochemical enterprises on oil, water, land and other resources is very high. The development of circular economy, high technical requirements, management is difficult. Take China Petroleum as an example. As the old oilfields enter the middle and later stages of development, the water content keeps rising. The volume of liquid produced and the amount of water injection continue to increase. The difficulty of reducing consumption and the difficulty of comprehensive utilization of water resources are increasing day by day. Most of the products are low in grade and low in abundance. They are low-yield, low-sulfur, or heavy-oil reservoirs. It is very difficult to increase recovery and save energy and reduce consumption. It requires a lot of funds and technical support. In the field of refining, with the optimization and upgrading of products, the pressure on the increase in energy consumption of refinery equipment is increasing. At the same time, a lot of work needs to be done in optimizing the distribution of refining production and achieving intensive land use.
The "Circular Economy Promotion Law" will be implemented next year. With the promulgation of supporting laws and standards, the state will strengthen supervision in accordance with the law, which will inevitably increase the cost of the company in terms of resources, energy, land, and environment, and it will be a severe challenge to the development of extensive enterprises. However, it should be noted that challenges and opportunities coexist. As long as we seize opportunities, the prospects are very broad.
Positive response Reporter: In order to better implement the “Circular Economy Promotion Lawâ€, what issues should petroleum and petrochemical enterprises pay attention to and what should be done?
Chang Jiwen: China's circular economy is still in its infancy. At present, we must pay attention to the promotion of laws, and as companies should raise awareness. At present and for some time to come, petroleum and petrochemical enterprises should pay close attention to technological transformation, process improvement and equipment renewal, and develop economical, recycling, cleanliness, and intensive economies. First of all, we must change our concepts. If we do not change our concepts, we must passively cope with the new requirements of the law and we will soon be eliminated by this industry.
Liu Hui: The "Circular Economy Promotion Law" stipulates the basic management system for the development of circular economy, which puts forward clear requirements for enterprises and stipulates related legal responsibilities of petrochemical and mining enterprises. Petrochemical enterprises should actively respond and vigorously develop "recycling" enterprises. At present and for a period of time in the future, we can focus on the following aspects of work.
First of all, we must conscientiously study and publicize the spirit and basic system of popularization of laws, and fully understand the significance of the development of circular economy with a priority for reduction from the strategic perspective, and integrate the concept of circular economy into the management of enterprises and cultural construction. Seize opportunities, change concepts as soon as possible, and promote restructuring of enterprises and changes in economic growth patterns.
Second, we must establish and improve enterprise supporting rules and regulations. Exploring innovative systems and mechanisms under the development model of circular economy, continuously improving the management level, gradually formulating and implementing circular economy development plans and plans, establishing and improving the target responsibility system and performance indicators assessment system, and strengthening the integration of information statistics and information system construction. The important content of the construction of enterprise rules and regulations.
The third is to take practical measures to promote the construction of recycling companies. Establish scientific and rational oil and gas field exploration and development methods, continuously improve the level of development of oil and gas fields, rationalize the distribution of refining and chemical companies, speed up structural adjustment and product optimization and upgrade, and systematically eliminate production equipment and equipment with high consumption, heavy pollution, poor technology, and poor efficiency. , and accelerate the development of special studies on intensive land use; accelerate technological progress; regard scientific and technological advancement as the primary content for the development of circular economy; continue to promote energy conservation, water conservation, and emission reduction, and play a full role in reducing the potential of the petroleum and petrochemical industry, and increase economic efficiency; Good circular economy pilots to promote the recycling of resources in the oil and gas production and refining process.