[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China is a big agricultural country. Agriculture is an important foundation and premise for the survival of the people, social progress, economic development, and industrial restructuring. It plays an important role in industrial, commercial, and urban development. In order to realize the modernization of agriculture and ensure the grain production and the increase of farmers' income, the first thing to be solved is the labor problem of agricultural development.
Although from the current stage of agricultural production, the aging of the agricultural labor force is not enough to affect the production of food, it has to be noted that the aging of the agricultural industry may become a normal state and may affect the future development of China's agriculture.
How to reduce the adverse effects of the aging of the agricultural workforce?
In terms of food production in recent years, the food production situation of the elderly farmers has not shown a disadvantage compared with the young and middle-aged farmers. According to relevant statistical data, since the old-age farmers in 2009 exceeded the young and middle-aged farmers in the per capita grain output, the elderly farmers have maintained the advantage of the young and middle-aged farmers in the grain production, and the advantages have been widened year by year.
Experts pointed out that with the improvement of China's agricultural mechanization level and the improvement of agricultural socialization services, the labor input required for grain production will gradually decline.
To avoid or mitigate the expected adverse effects of the aging of the agricultural workforce, appropriate policies should be introduced from the perspective of replacing labor with machinery, improving existing labor quality, and retaining a working-age labor force.
First of all, we must vigorously promote agricultural mechanization. An important reason why China's agricultural labor aging does not have a significant negative impact on agricultural production at this stage is that the level of agricultural mechanization has increased substantially, and an inevitable result of aging is that older farmers who stay in rural areas are more inclined to those provinces in planting decisions. Crops that are time-saving, labor-intensive, and labor-intensive and easy to manage. Therefore, the current reality is also an urgent requirement to vigorously promote agricultural mechanization, improve the level of agricultural mechanization, and realize agricultural mechanization in all aspects of agricultural production. At present, the agricultural mechanization rate in the vast mountainous and hilly areas is generally low. The government should increase the subsidies for agricultural machinery subsidies in these areas, improve the technical and financial support for agricultural machinery research and development, and vigorously develop small and medium-sized agricultural applications suitable for mountain and hilly operations. Machinery to better cope with the labor shortage caused by the aging of the agricultural workforce.
Second, actively cultivate new farmers in the new era. As we all know, the peasant's cultural level largely determines whether the fruits of agricultural science and technology progress can be quickly and well transformed into actual agricultural productivity. As more and more new generations of peasants enter the city or non-agricultural sector as soon as they leave the school, most of the rural residents are old and weak. It is obviously not enough to rely on these farmers to promote the process of agricultural modernization. Therefore, it is imperative to establish a youth peasant training program and cultivate new professional peasants to develop modern agriculture and improve agricultural labor productivity. How to retain the rural-age labor force and even the return of the young and middle-aged farmers who have already flowed out has become an urgent problem to be solved. For young and middle-aged laborers staying in rural areas, it is necessary to implement agricultural practical skills training and scientific and cultural knowledge education. Through knowledge learning and skills training, they will master advanced agricultural practical technologies and turn them into real benefits.
At the same time, the experts also stressed that only by letting farmers see the benefits and changing the reality of the relatively low efficiency of agriculture, can we really curb the loss of the agricultural-aged labor force from the source. Relying on the opportunity of new farmers' cultivation, local governments should vigorously support college students to start their own businesses in the countryside, and introduce more targeted policies for benefiting farmers at the national level to young and middle-aged farmers and rural entrepreneurs, and establish a practical talent reserve for the sustainable development of China's agriculture. .
(Original title: alert to the aging of grain farming to ensure the healthy development of modern agriculture)
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